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The Sustainable Development Goal 7 ensures access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all and lies at the heart of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable development, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in Ensuring universal access to affordable electricity by 2030 means investing in clean energy sources such as solar, wind and thermal. Expanding infrastructure and upgrading technology to provide clean energy in all developing countries is a crucial goal that can both encourage growth and help the environment1 . The goal also recognizes energy as a fundamental driver of economic growth, social inclusion and environmental sustainability.

The Somalia National Bureau of Statistics extends its deepest appreciation to all those who played a vital role in the preparation of the SDG environmental indicators report. This publication is the result of dedicated teamwork, strong collaboration, and a shared commitment to strengthening Somalia’s environmental statistics and SDG reporting.

This progress, opportunities and Gaps in SDG Environmental indicators report, provides a data- driven snapshot of Somalia’s progress toward key environmental goals under the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. it focuses on four priority area: SDG6 on clean water and sanitation, SDG 13 on climate action, SDG 14 on life below water and SDG 15 on life in land. The analysis draws primarily for administrative data from key national ministries, departments and agencies to evaluate progress, identify gaps and support policy planning for sustainable development and environmental resilience.

Delighted to unveil the Second National Strategy for the Development of Statistics (NSDS 2). It builds on the solid foundation and progress made under the first NSDS which has been in effect from 2017-2023 and developed under the Directorate of Statistics within the Ministry of Planning, Investment, and Economic Development.

This is an opportune moment for us to reflect on our journey and to look forward to the future with renewed determination and optimism. This document, a culmination of extensive hard work, dedication, and combined efforts, stands as a testament to the remarkable progress made by the Somalia National Bureau of Statistics (SNBS) since its establishment in 2020.

The PDCI report for Somalia is an outcome of dedicated efforts by distinguished expertise in the field of population, development and statistics. The Somali National Bureau of Statistics (SNBS) in collaboration with UNFPA Somalia and (ACS) of UNECA were instrumental in ensuring that the PDCI report was produced accurately and with attention to detail.

The general assembly emphasized the necessity for a systematic, integrated, and comprehensive strategy in Population Development as stipulated in its resolution 65/234 about the review of the programme of action from the international conference on Population Development and its continued relevance post-2014. This strategy aims to address emerging challenges linked to population dynamics and the evolving landscape of development. The resolution advocated for a stronger integration of the Population Development agenda within global development processes such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Based on the outcomes of the operational review, a new framework for addressing Population Development after 2014 has been proposed, structured around five key themes: dignity and human rights; health; place and mobility; governance and accountability; and sustainability.

The displacement is linked with broader socio-economic and health implications, particularly for vulnerable groups such as children and women in Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) camps. Such conditions not only disrupt family structures and impede access to reproductive health services, influencing fertility rates, but also adversely affect health outcomes and increase mortality rates. Furthermore, these circumstances negatively impact socioeconomic indicators, particularly educational attainment, exacerbating the challenges faced by displaced communities.

This note is the product of a collaboration between the Poverty and Equity Global Practice of the World Bank and the Somali National Bureau of Statistics (SNBS). The technical assistance provided by the World Bank was led by Ifeanyi Edochie, with support from Alastair Haynes and Alejandro de la Fuente. Abdisalam Mohamed and Mohamed Abdinur led the SNBS team, who kindly facilitated the Somali Integrated Household Budget Survey 2022 for this work. The note benefited from the review and inputs of Paul Corral and Alexandru Cojocaru.

Household surveys are often representative at the national level or at the level of the first administrative division (region/state level). National Statistical Offices and government entities can benefit from poverty estimation at a higher level of resolution, such as the district level. This note describes the small area estimation (SAE) methodology implemented to estimate poverty rates in Somalia at the district level.

As the Somalia National Bureau of Statistics (SNBS) presents its 2024 Annual Report, we take this opportunity to extend our deepest appreciation to the individuals and teams whose dedication and hard work have been instrumental in its development.

The 2nd Edition of the Governance Statistics Report provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of governance metrics across Somalia, offering valuable insights into key developments, emerging trends, and ongoing challenges within critical sectors such as justice, security, political participation, and openness. The report delves into various dimensions of governance, including the resolution rates achieved by justice institutions, the relative strength of the rule of law across regions, and the collaborative efforts between federal and state-level agencies in addressing crimes and maintaining security.

This edition relies on robust administrative data collection and meticulous analysis, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of its findings. The report is designed to support evidence-based policymaking, encourage transparency, and reinforce accountability within Somalia’s governance structures. By identifying critical areas for improvement and presenting insights, this edition aims to serve as a cornerstone for stakeholders including policymakers, researchers, civil society organizations, and development partners that are dedicated to advancing governance and institutional reform in Somalia. Finally, the report provides recommendations and underscores the importance of collaborative efforts in data sharing and management in fostering sustainable governance and institutional development across the nation.